Effect of Sophora flavescens alkaloid on the growth of vaginal lactobacilli:an in vitro study / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Kushen gel on the growth of six common vaginal lactobacilli in vitro.METHODS: This study was conducted at Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital from June 2018 to March 2019.Six different vaginal lactobacilli isolated from the healthy women of reproductive age in China were purified and cultured in vitro. The effect of different concentrations of Sophora flavescens alkaloid,which was the main active ingredient of Kushen gel,on the growth of various clinical lactobacillus isolates was observed by the agar dilution method.RESULTS: The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of Sophora flavescens alkaloid to Lactobacillus rhamnosus was 40 mg/mL. The MICs for Lactobacillus crispatus,Lactobacillus jensenii,Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus reuteri were all 20 mg/mL. The MIC for Lactobacillus vaginalis was 10 mg/mL.When the concentration of Sophora flavescens alkaloid was lower than the MIC value,it had a certain effect on promoting proliferation of both Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus reuteri,but had no effect on Lactobacillus crispatus or Lactobacillus vaginalis.CONCLUSION: Under the clinical dosage,Kushen gel does not inhibit the growth of common vaginal lactobacilli,which is conducive to the recovery of the vaginal microecosystem.

Study on the effect of vaginal lavage with ozonated water on normal vaginal microecology and lactobacilli / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes of normal vaginal micro-ecological environment after vaginal lavage with ozonated water and its effect on lactobacillus.METHODS: From April to October 2016,30 volunteers with normal vaginal microecological examination results were recruited from female workers in Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital and selected to receive vaginal lavage with ozonated water,during non-menstrual periods 5 minutes per day,for 3 consecutive days.The vaginal secretions were taken before the first vaginal ozone lavage,the first week,the second week and the third week after the last lavage,and the microecological examination and the difference in the diversity and abundance of the vaginal microbial community were analyzed after 16 S rRNA high-through put sequencing.RESULTS: Before and after healthy women received ozone water for vaginal lavage,there were no significant differences in the microflora evaluation of vaginal secretions,vaginal microbial community diversity or lactobacillus(|cor. p| <0.2).CONCLUSION: Ozonated water for vaginal lavage does not destroy the normal vaginal microecology and has no significant effect on lactobacilli.

Role of Liquid-based Cytology and Cell Block in the Diagnosis of Endometrial Lesions / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Liquid-based cytology (LBC) offers an alternative method to biopsy in screening endometrial cancer. Cell block (CB), prepared by collecting residual cytological specimen, represents a novel method to supplement the diagnosis of endometrial cytology. This study aimed to compare the specimen adequacy and diagnostic accuracy of LBC and CB in the diagnosis of endometrial lesions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 198 women with high risks of endometrial carcinoma (EC) from May 2014 to April 2015 were enrolled in this study. The cytological specimens were collected by the endometrial sampler (SAP-1) followed by histopathologic evaluation of dilatation and curettage or biopsy guided by hysteroscopy. The residual cytological specimens were processed into paraffin-embedded CB after LBC preparation. Diagnostic accuracies of LBC and CB for detecting endometrial lesions were correlated with histological diagnoses. Chi-square test was used to compare the specimen adequacies of LBC and CB.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The specimen inadequate rate of CB was significantly higher than that of LBC (22.2% versus 7.1%, P < 0.01). There were 144 cases with adequate specimens for LBC and CB preparation. Among them, 29 cases were atypical endometrial hyperplasia (11 cases) or carcinoma (18 cases) confirmed by histology evaluation. Taking atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma as positive, the diagnostic accuracy of CB was 95.1% while it was 93.8% in LBC. When combined LBC with CB, the diagnostic accuracy was improved to 95.8%, with a sensitivity of 89.7% and specificity of 97.4%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CB is a feasible and reproducible adjuvant method for screening endometrial lesions. A combination of CB and LBC can improve the diagnostic accuracy of endometrial lesions.</p>

Combining endometrium sampling device and SurePath preparation to screen for endometrial carcinoma: a validation study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The aim of this study was to compare specimen adequacy of SAP-1 provided for cytology with that of dilation and curettage (D & C) or hysteroscopy for histology, and evaluate the accuracy of combining endometrium sampling by SAP-1 and liquid-based cytology using SurePath preparation for screening endometrial carcinoma and its precursor.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Endometrial specimens from women (n = 1514) with risk factors were obtained using an SAP-1 device for cytological analysis; histological samples were obtained from 375 of these women who underwent D & C or hysteroscopy. Cytological specimens were prepared to liquid-based smear using SurePath technology and stained by Papanicolaou. Histological samples were processed in routine pathology and stained by hematoxylin and eosin.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Adequate specimens for cytology were obtained from 1458/1541 patients (96.3%), while adequate samples for pathology were obtained from 285/375 patients (76%). However, for postmenopausal women, 1006 of 1045 cytology (86.3%) were adequate, 153 of 238 histology (64.3%) were adequate, it was easier to collect cytological specimens than histological specimens (P < 0.05). The accuracy of endometrial cytology for detecting endometrial carcinoma and its precursor was 92.4% (sensitivity, 73%; specificity, 95.8%; positive predictive value, 75%; and negative predictive value, 95.3%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Endometrial cytology using SAP-1 sampling and SurePath preparation may be a reliable approach for screening patients with endometrial carcinoma and its precursor.</p>

Testicular sperm cryopreservation for male fertility preservation / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effectiveness of testicular sperm cryopreservation in male fertility preservation by evaluating the clinical outcome of ICSI cycles with frozen-thawed testicular sperm for azoospermia patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed 96 samples of cryopreserved testicular sperm obtained by testicular biopsy, vasovasostomy (V-V), vasoepididymostomy (V-E) , of which 55 were subjected to 60 ICSI cycles with frozen-thawed testicular sperm. We evaluated the rates of sperm recovery, fertilization, cleavage, transferable and good-quality embryos, clinical pregnancy, pregnancy outcome, and health of the newborns.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the frozen testicular sperm samples were recovered successfully. The rates of fertilization, 2PN fertilization, cleavage, available embryos and good-quality embryos were 77.6, 69.4, 99.4, 84.5 and 40.8%, respectively. There were transferable embryos in all cycles. Fresh embryos were transferred in 52 of the 60 cycles, with the clinical pregnancy rate of 57.7% (30/52), including 19 singletons and 11 twins, and the rates of implantation and miscarriage were 38.7% (41/106) and 3.33% (1/30). Up to the present time, there have been 20 healthy newborns, including 12 boys and 8 girls, and another 13 ongoing pregnancies. No birth defects have been found so far.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Desirable clinical outcomes can be obtained from ICSI cycles with frozen-thawed testicular sperm, and testicular sperm cryopreservation is an effective method of fertility preservation for azoospermia males.</p>

High-risk human papilloma virus DNA detection kit (cervista HPV HR) should be highly validated clinically in cervical cancer screening programs / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical significance of High-risk Human Papilloma virus DNA Detection Kit (Cervista HPV HR) designed to the utilized in cervical cancer screening programs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The investigation for Cervista HPV HR test is designed to detect 437 residual liquid-based cytology specimens collected during routine liquid-based Pap tests at standard care vistis and to identify the presence of HR HPV. We compared Cervista HPV HR Test against standard PCR, in order to examine the performance of Cervista HPV HR Test in populations with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2+ (CIN 2, CIN 3 and Cancer, CIN 2+), and the capabilities of A5/A6, A7, A9 oligonucleotides of Cervista for predicting CIN2+.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The accuracy of Cervista compared to PCR with bi-directional sequencing was 88.26%. The positive percent of Cervista HPV HR Test and PCR were 38.96% and 29.08%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV) of Cervista HPV HR Test for the detection of CIN2+ were 98.46%, 58.49%, 99.54% and 29.68%, respectively. The A9 oligonucleotides positivity percent was significantly higher in CIN2 + (odds ratio: 24.037, 95% CI: 10.086 - 57.283).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The Cervista HPV HR test can be clinically used for detecting HR HPV types during routine cervical cancer screening. A9 oligonucleotides were also strongly associated with CIN2+ diagnosis, which is improtant in cervical cancer screening for triage to colposcopy.</p>

Significance of phosphoinositide 3 kinase/AKT pathway alterations in endometrial carcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinicopathologic and prognostic implications of phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway alterations in endometrial cancers of Chinese women.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of PTEN, p-AKT, and ER/PR was assessed in 71 cases of endometrial carcinoma by immunohistochemistry (EnVision method). The PIK3CA mutation at exon 9 and exon 20 was analyzed by PCR and direct sequencing in 34 tumors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Of the 71 cases of endometrial carcinoma, 65 cases were endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EEC) and 6 cases were nonendometrioid adenocarcinoma (NEEC). PTEN loss of expression was found in 63.4% (45/71) of tumors, and more commonly occurred in EEC (66.2%, 43/65) than that in NEEC (2/6, P = 0.18). Patients with PTEN loss in their tumors (45 cases) had a better survival than those without (26 cases, P = 0.07). In ER negative subgroup, the patients with PTEN loss of expression (12 cases) had longer survival than those with normal PTEN expression (7 cases; P = 0.04). (2) The frequency of PIK3CA mutation was 41.2% (14/34) with a hot mutation spot at T544 in exon 9. PIK3CA mutations more commonly occurred in EEC (44.8%, 13/29) than in NEEC (1/5, P > 0.05). The mutations at exon 9 more commonly occurred in EEC, well- and moderately-differentiated EEC, and tumors at early stage (P > 0.05). On the contrary, in tumors at early stages, the frequency of mutations in exon 20 (14.3%, 4/28) was significantly lower than that at late stages (4/6, P = 0.01). (3) p-AKT was positive in 59.2% (42/71) of tumors that were more frequently found in EEC (60.0%, 39/65) than that in NEEC (3/6, P = 0.68). However, the significant difference of p-AKT expression was found between well- and moderately-differentiated EEC (75.0%, 21/28; 53.6%, 15/28) and poorly-differentiated EEC (3/9, P = 0.02). Moreover, p-AKT expression was significantly correlated with positive ER (r = 0.339, P = 0.00).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Endometrial carcinoma patients with loss of PTEN and p-AKT positivity have a favorable prognosis. PIK3CA mutations at exon 9 or 20 may have different impact on the prognosis. The function of PTEN loss and p-AKT expression may vary according to different hormone status.</p>

The significance of HPV-DNA genotyping assays in the ASC / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To disscuss different outcomes of ASC-UC and ASC-H, two subtypes of ASC, and the significance of HPV-DNA genotyping assays in these two subtypes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We reviewed and analyzed colposcopic and biopsy results of 1256 cases of ASC between Jan. 2005 to Dec. 2007, of which 580 cases have results of HPV-DNA genotyping assays.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 1256 ASC cases, ASC-US and ASC-H cases account for 90.1% and 9.9% respectively, CIN2 and higher levels diagnosed via colposcopy and cervical biopsy are 8.5% and 24.2% respectively (P = 0.000). In ASC-US cases, the infection rate of HPV-DNA high risk types is 67.2%, there is statistic significance among different HPV-DNA results and biopsy pathology (P = 0.000). In ASC-H cases, the infection rate of HPV-DNA high risk types is 47.3%, there is no statistic significance among them (P = 0.054).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The clinical outcomes of ASC-US and ASC-H are different, we should distinguish and treat. HPV-DNA genotyping assay is available in ASC-US triage, but Colposcopy is proposed for all ASC-H patients.</p>

Expression of peroxiredoxin III in cervical lesions / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression feature of peroxiredoxin III in cervical lesions and to further understand the mechanism for cervical cancer development/progression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Expression of peroxiredoxin III was immunohistochemically detected in cervical cancer. In addition, cervical epithelia were transfected with recombinant adeno-associated virus vector containing human papillomavirus 16 E6/E7 and peroxiredoxin III expression was detected by quantitative real time PCR and Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Peroxiredoxin III was significantly up-regulated in cervical cancer tissues. Nevertheless, expression of peroxiredoxin III remained unchanged in cervical epithelial cells after transfection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It seems that Prx III is not related to cervical cancer initiation. Up-regulation of peroxiredoxin III in cervical cancer might be an active response to oxidative stress in malignant cells, which protects against oxidatiton-induced apoptosis.</p>

Epidemiological investigation of lower genital tract infectious diseases among women in part of Beijing area / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the condition of lower genital tract infectious diseases among women in part of Beijing area including countryside population, nomadic population, high-risk group and medical workers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Epidemiological methods were applied to investigate the condition of lower genital infectious diseases. General data were recorded in a questionnaire and several examinations of lower genital infectious disease were given to each person. The data was analyzed by statistics method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The morbidity of Chlamydia was the highest in the lower genital tract infectious diseases in our research. Morbidity of infusorians in person with the habit of tub bath was much higher than person with shower habit. Compared with the other three groups, out-patients of Peking University First Hospital have the highest morbidity of Chlamydia.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chlamydia has the highest morbidity in this research (12.6%), and tub bath may increase the morbidity of infusorians (P=0.02, P less than 0.05).</p>

Significance of human papillomavirus test in triage of patients with atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the significance of human papillomavirus test in triage of patients with atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS) diagnosed by cervical cytology.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human papillomavirus test,colposcope and cervical biopsy were performed in 184 patients with a referral diagnosis of ASCUS by cervical cytology.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Confirmed by pathological diagnosis of cervical biopsy, 112 cases were chronic inflammation (60.87%), 33 CIN I (17.93%), 17 CIN II (9.24%), 8 CIN III (4.35%), 4 cervical squamous carcinoma (2.17%) and 10 condyloma (5.43%). Of the 184 women with cytological ASCUS, 124 (67.39%) cases were positive in high-risk HPV test among which 66 cases were histologically confirmed as chronic inflammation (53.23%), 22 as CIN I (17.74%), 16 as CIN II (12.90%), 8 as CIN III (6.45%), 4 as cervical squamous carcinoma (3.23%) and 8 as condyloma (6.45%). The positive rate of HPV in groups of ASCUS were higher than those with negative HPV (P < 0.003).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Women with ASCUS should be tested for HPV. Cervical biopsy under colposcopy is recommended for women with HR-HPV infection.</p>

Clinic value of combination of high-risk human papillomavirus test and cervical cytology test in diagnosing cervical lesions / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinic value of combination of high-risk human papillomavirus test and cervical cytology test in diagnosis of cervical lesions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Patients underwent physical examination at our department were checked by high-risk human papillomavirus test, cervical cytology test and colposcope from October 2004 to December 2006. Abnormal patients with cervical abnormalities were asked for pathological test.The diagnostic value of cervical lesions among these different methods were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Based on the criteria of histopathology, the sensitivity, specificity, positive-predictive value and negative-predictive value of high-risk human papillomavirus test for detecting all cases of CIN II and CIN III were 94.83%, 31.06%, 55.22% and 87.02% respectively, and those of the cervical cytology were 92.10%, 31.06%, 54.50% and 81.43% respectively.Those values changed to 99.65%, 18.55%, 61.46% and 97.62% respectively if two methods were combined.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Human papillomavirus test and cervical cytology test combined with pathological test can improve the detective rate of cervical lesions and facilitate the treatment.</p>

Proteiomic patterns for endometrial cancer using SELDI-TOF-MS / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Serum samples from endometrial cancer (EC) patients and healthy females were analyzed using surface-enhanced laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) to discover the potential diagnostic biomarker for detection of EC. A preliminary training set of spectra derived from 40 EC patients and 30 healthy women were used to develop a proteomic model that effectively discriminated cancer patients from healthy women. The training set had a specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 92.5% in the EC detection. A blind test set, including 20 new cancer cases and 10 healthy women, was used to validate the sensitivity and specificity of this multivariate model, which had a corresponding results of 60% in specificity and 75% in sensitivity, respectively. The combination of SELDI-TOF-MS with bioinformatics tools could help find new biomarkers and establish the detection of EC with high sensitivity and specificity.

Effect of Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton on the growth of HeLa cell line infected with HPV / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (Nr-CWS) on the HeLa cell line, one of the cell lines of human cervical cancer, infected with HPV.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HPV-infected HeLa (HPV 18-positive cells) cultured in vitro were divided into two groups: the experiment group and control group. Nr-CWS was added to the experiment group and PBS to the control. The growth and proliferation of HeLa cells were detected with MTT and flow cytometry technology. Inhibitive effect of HeLa transplanted tumor was investigated in Scid mice.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The growth of HeLa cells in the experimental group was apparently decreased compared with that of the control. The results of flow cytometry demonstrated that more HeLa cells were transferred into quiescent phase in the experimental group than that in the control. While less in the proliferative phase, both of the volume and weight of HeLa transplanted tumor with drug-added group were less than those of control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton is a potiental growth inhibitor and inducer of apoptosis of cervical cancer cells in vitro and may provide a new way in prevention or supplementary management of anti-human papilloma virus.</p>

Association between human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 infection and E6/E7 gene variant and the cervical lesions in Beijing / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between HPV16 infection, E6/E7 variations and the cervical lesions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HPV subtypes were detected by using flow-through hybridization technique, E6/E7 gene was extracted from cervical lesions in 80 patients with HPV16 infection, PCR amplified, cloned into plasmid pMD18-T and sequenced.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HPV 16 was the most common type which accounted for 33.3% (154/463), the HPV16 infection rates increased with the severity of cervical lesions (P < 0.05). Totally in 72 cases the complete E6 and E7 regions were successfully sequenced, the DNA mutation rate of E6/E7 was 88.9% (64/72). A mutation, E6-D32E (T96G) coincided with a specific type of E7 mutation, N29S (A86G). D32E/N29S mutation rate was 38.9% (28/72), the detection rate increased with the severity of cervical lesions (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HPV 16 was the most common type in women with cervical lesions in Beijing, D32E/N29S variant associated with the cervical lesions.</p>

Effect of Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (Nr-CWS) on oncogenicity of TC-1 cells and anti-human papillomavirus effect of Nr-CWS in lower genital tract of women / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the effect of Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (Nr-CWS) on tumorigenicity induced by TC-1 cells and to clinically study anti-human papillomavirus effect of Nr-CWS in lower genital tract of women.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tumor model was established by injecting TC-1 cells subcutaneously in SCID mice, then divided them into 3 groups randomly and injected with isovolumetric physiological saline, 60 micrograms/ml Nr-CWS and 120 micrograms/ml Nr-CWS respectively, the growth of tumors was measured one week later. Nr-CWS was applied on 45 HPV positive women whose TCT test was normal and without cervical erosion 2-3 days after menstruation. HPV was detected again 3 months later to explore the effect of Nr-CWS on HPV infection in female lower genital tract.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The animal experiment showed the weight of transplanted tumors in treated group was less than that of control group (chi2=12.5, P= 0.002). The tumor inhibition rate was 59.1 percent and 84.2 percent in the groups treated with Nr-CWS 60 and 120 micrograms/ml Nr-CWS; the results of HPV detection in 23 out of the 45 cases (51.1 percent) became negative after the 3-month treatment; the viral load was reduced in 9, and there was no change in viral load in 13 cases. Significant difference was found between the rates of undetectable viral load and the natural viral disappearance rate (P less than 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Nr-CWS has an inhibitory effect to TC-1 cell tumorigenesis and clinical application of Nr-CWS may eliminate the HPV infection in lower genital tract of a considerable proportion of women with HPV infection.</p>

Impact of PBDE-209 exposure during pregnancy and lactation on immune function of offspring rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the potential hazard of environmental deca-brominated diphenyl ether (PBDE-209) exposure to the immune function of the offspring rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The parental Wistar rats were exposed to PBDE-209 administered intragastrically during pregnancy and lactation, and the development of the immune organs and changes in T lymphocyte subset and their proliferation, NK cell surface markers CD161 and serum immunoglobulins (IgM and IgG) were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significant differences in the weight of the immune organs were noted between the exposure group and control group. In the exposure group, the percentage of T lymphocyte subset CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD4(+)CD8(+), the percentage of NK cell surface markers CD16 1 and CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio were lowered, while the percentage of CD4(-)CD8(-) cells increased. T lymphocyte subset proliferation in the exposure group did not show obviously changes, but compared with the control group, the IgM level in the exposure group was significantly lowered. No significant differences were observed in IgG levels between the exposure and control groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Continuous exposure to high-dose PBDE-209 in female rats during pregnancy and lactation results in possible adverse effect on the immune function of the offspring rats.</p>

Menopausal depression: comparison of hormone replacement therapy and hormone replacement therapy plus fluoxetine / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To compare the efficacy and safety of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) combined with fluoxetine, with HRT alone, in post-menopausal women suffering from depression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A randomized, open-label, parallel trial was applied. HRT was administered to all patients for 2 cycles, with 14 days of estrogen therapy and 14 days of estrogen plus progesterone. Patients who were randomly assigned to the HRT plus fluoxetine group were given fluoxetine in combination with HRT. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Kupperman Menopausal Index (KMI), and Clinical Global Impressions scale were used to measure the efficacy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One hundred and twenty-three post-menopausal patients with depression were enrolled in the study. Among them, 120 had at least one post-treatment visit and entered into the statistical analysis. The mean total HAMD scores were significantly lower, and the percentages of HAMD score reductions were higher in the HRT plus fluoxetine Group compared with the HRT Group, after at least 3 weeks of treatment, with an average difference of 5 points at the endpoint. The Clinical Global Impression-Severity and Clinical Global Impression-Improvement scores were significantly different in the 2 groups, in favor of the combination therapy. The mean total KMI was significantly lower in the Combination Group compared with the HRT Group, after at least 6 weeks of treatment, with an average 4.5-point difference between the groups. No statistically significant differences were found in most of the adverse events reported in the Combination Group compared with the HRT group, with the exception of 3 symptoms, i.e., dry mouth, loss of appetite, and abdominal distention. They were mild to moderate in severity. Two patients in the HRT group, but none in the combination group, dropped out due to adverse events.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HRT plus fluoxetine therapy was effective in the treatment of menopausal depression with a satisfactory safety profile.</p>

Clinical significance of progesterone receptors A and B expressions in endometrial carcinomas / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To determine PRA and PRB expressions at mRNA and protein levels in endome-trial carcinomas,and to correlate the PRA and PRB expressions in tumours with clinical features inclu-ding grading,surgical stage,degree of myometrial invasion,and lymph node status.Methods:Sixty-sixendometrial carcinomas were investigated with Western blot assays and reverse-transcription polymerasechain reaction.The corresponding clinical information was collected.Spearman's rank correlation wasused to test for association between expressions of total PR and PR isoforms in endometrial carcinomas andclinical features.Results:At protein level,expressions of PRA and PRB were significantly inversely re-lated to grade(r=-0.343,r=-0.310,P

Induction of human oral carcinoma by human papillomavirus 16 E6/E7 and TPA / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To study the effect of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 E6/E7 and TPA (12-O-tetradecanog-1-phorbol-13-acetate) on malignant transformation of human embryo oral tissue.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Recombinant plasmid with HPV 16 E6/E7 was constructed and transfected into human embryo oral tissue. The oral tissue with HPV 16 E6/E7 gene or without the gene was inoculated into the hypophloeodal of right shoulder in scid mice, respectively. The study was conducted in four groups: the first group was the oral tissue transfected plasmid with HPV 16 E6/E7 plus TPA, which were inoculated into 8 scid mice; the second group was only oral tissue transfected with plasmid with HPV 16 E6/E7 into 6 scid mice; the third group was normal oral tissue plus TPA inoculated into 6 scid mice, and the final group was only normal oral tissue inoculated into 5 scid mice. Three days after inoculation, TPA was injected at the left shoulder of the mice once a week. Twelve weeks after inoculation, tumor was found in 7 scid mice from the first group. HPV 16 E6/E7 gene in tumor tissues was analyzed by PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rate of tumor formation was 7/8 in the first group; no tumor was found in the other groups. Pathological diagnosis of the tumor was fibrohistiocytoma. HPV 16 E6/E7 gene was detected by PCR in tumor tissues.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>With the cooperating action of TPA, human oral tissue containing HPV 16 E6/E7 gene could cause malignant transformation in scid mice.</p>